hate him/her/it

Theme: 
O-S-sh-k'aan~ (ga state)
for S to hate O
Naish-Story: 
shi-k'aan
Notes: 
This is the only known stative verb with ga- conjugation prefix and a variable stem. All other stative verbs with ga- conjugation prefix have invariable stems.

Paradigm Forms


Imperfective prohibitive (Don't do it!)
2s: 
Líl ishak'aaníñ!
Don't hate him/her/it!
2p: 
Líl yishak'aaníñ!
Don't you all hate him/her it!

Imperfective (+) (doing it; does it)
1s: 
ýashik'áan
I hate him/her/it
2s: 
ishik'áan
you hate him/her/it
3s: 
ashik'áan
s/he hates him/her/it
1p: 
tushik'áan
we hate him/her/it
2p: 
yishik'áan
you all hate him/her/it
3p: 
has shik'áan
they hate him/her/it
4: 
dujik'aan
people hate him/her/it

Imperfective (-) (not doing it; doesn't do it)
1s: 
tlél uýshak'aan
I don't hate him/her/it
2s: 
tlél ishak'aan
you don't hate him/her/it
3s: 
tlél ooshk'aan
s/he doesn't hate him/her/it
1p: 
tlél tushak'aan
we don't hate him/her/it
2p: 
tlél yishak'aan
you all don't hate him/her/it
3p: 
tlél has ooshk'aan
they don't hate him/her/it
4: 
tlél dushk'aan
nobody hates him/her/it

Progressive imperfective (+) ((in the process of) doing it)
1s: 
kei naýshak'án
I am beginning to hate him/her/it
2s: 
kei nishak'án
you are beginning to hate him/her/it
3s: 
kei anashk'án
s/he is beginning to hate him/her/it
1p: 
kei ntushak'án
we are beginning to hate him/her/it
2p: 
kei nayshak'án
you all are beginning to hate him/her/it
3p: 
kei has anashk'án
they are beginning to hate him/her/it
4: 
kei ndushk'án
people are beginning to hate him/her/it

Progressive imperfective (-) (not (in the process of) doing it)
3s: 
[does not occur]

Repetitive imperfective (+) (does it (regularly))
3s: 
[does not occur]

Imperfective attributive (+) (the one who does it)
3s: 
wé ashik'aani aa
the one who hates him/her/it

Perfective (+) (did it)
1s: 
ýwashik'aan
I hated him/her/it
2s: 
yishik'aan
you hated him/her/it
3s: 
awshik'aan
s/he hated him/her/it
1p: 
wutushik'aan
we hated him/her/it
2p: 
yeeyshik'aan
you all hated him/her/it
3p: 
has awshik'aan
they hated him/her/it
4: 
wudujik'aan
people hated him/her/it

Perfective (-) (didn't do it)
1s: 
tlél ýwashak'aan
I didn't hate him/her/it
2s: 
tlél yishak'aan
you didn't hate him/her/it
3s: 
tlél awushk'aan
s/he didn't hate him/her/it
1p: 
tlél wutushak'aan
we didn't hate him/her/it
2p: 
tlél yeeyshak'aan
you all didn't hate him/her/it
3p: 
tlél has awushk'aan
they didn't hate him/her/it
4: 
tlél wudushk'aan
nobody hates him/her/it

Perfective habitual (+) (does it (every time))
3s: 
[does not occur]

Future (+) (going to do it)
1s: 
kei kñwashak'áan
I will hate him/her/it
2s: 
kei kçishak'áan
you will hate him/her/it
3s: 
kei aguýshak'áan
s/he will hate him/her/it
1p: 
kei gaýtushak'áan
we will hate him/her/it
2p: 
kei gaýyishak'áan
you all will hate him/her/it
3p: 
kei (ha)s aguýshak'áan
they will hate him/her/it
4: 
kei gaýdushk'áan
someone will hate him/her/it

Future (-) (not going to do it)
1s: 
tlél kei kñwashak'aan
I won't hate him/her/it
2s: 
tlél kei kçishak'aan
you won't hate him/her/it
3s: 
tlél kei aguýshak'aan
s/he won't hate him/her/it
1p: 
tlél kei gaýtushak'aan
we won't hate him/her/it
2p: 
tlél kei gaýyishak'aan
you all won't hate him/her/it
3p: 
tlél kei (ha)s aguýshak'aan
they won't hate him/her/it
4: 
tlél kei gaýdushk'aan
nobody will hate him/her/it

Hortative (+) (let him/her do it)
3s: 
[does not occur]

Potential attributive (+) (can't do it)
3s: 
[does not occur]

Potential decessive (+) (would have done it)
3s: 
[does not occur]

Conditional (+) (if/when s/he does it)
3s: 
akshak'ánni
if/when s/he hates him/her/it