lie
Theme:
sh ñ'a-S-d-l-yéil~ (ø event)
for S to lie, decieve
|
Naish-Story:
sh ñ'a-dli-yeil Notes:
To specify who one is lying to, use: N een 'to N'. For example: Du een sh ñ'awdliyél 's/he lied to him/her'.
Paradigm Forms
Imperative (Do it!)
2s:
Sh ñ'eelyél!
Lie!
2p:
Sh ñ'ayilyél!
You all lie!
Perfective prohibitive (don't do it!)
2s:
Líl sh ñ'eelyélýiñ!
Don't lie!
2p:
Líl sh ñ'ayilyéilýiñ!
Don't you all lie!
Imperfective (+) (doing it; does it)
3s:
s/he's lying
Progressive imperfective (+) ((in the process of) doing it)
3s:
[does not occur]
Repetitive imperfective (+) (does it (regularly))
3s:
sh ñ'alyélý
s/he lies (regularly)
Perfective (+) (did it)
1s:
sh ñ'aýwdliyél
I lied
2s:
sh ñ'aydliyél
you lied
3s:
sh ñ'awdliyél
s/he lied
1p:
sh ñ'awtudliyél
we lied
2p:
sh ñ'ayeeydliyél
you all lied
3p:
has sh ñ'awdliyél
they lied
4:
sh ñ'awdudliyél
someone lied
Perfective (-) (didn't do it)
1s:
tlél sh ñ'a
I didn't lie
2s:
tlél sh ñ'aýwalyeil
you didn't lie
3s:
tlél sh ñ'awulyeil
s/he didn't lie
1p:
tlél sh ñ'awtoolyeil
we didn't lie
2p:
tlél sh ñ'ayeeylyeil
you all didn't lie
3p:
tlél has sh ñ'awulyeil
they didn't lie
4:
tlél sh ñ'awdulyeil
nobody lied
Perfective habitual (+) (does it (every time))
1s:
sh ñ'ooýalyélch
I lie (every time)
2s:
sh ñ'eelyélch
you lie (every time)
3s:
sh ñ'oolyélch
s/he lies (every time)
1p:
sh ñ'utoolyélch
we lie (every time)
2p:
sh ñ'ayeelyélch
you all lie (every time)
3p:
has sh ñ'oolyélch
they lie (every time)
4:
sh ñ'udulyélch
someone lies (every time)
Perfective habitual (-) (hasn't done it yet)
1s:
tlél sh ñ'ooýalyélch
I haven't lied yet
2s:
tlél sh ñ'eelyélch
you haven't lied yet
3s:
tlél sh ñ'oolyélch
s/he hasn't lied yet
1p:
tlél sh ñ'utoolyélch
we haven't lied yet
2p:
tlél sh ñ'ayeelyélch
you all haven't lied yet
3p:
tlél has sh ñ'oolyélch
they haven't lied yet
4:
tlél sh ñ'udulyélch
nobody has lied yet
Future (+) (going to do it)
1s:
sh ñ'akñwalyéil
I will lie
2s:
sh ñ'akçeelyéil
you will lie
3s:
sh ñ'akçwalyéil
s/he will lie
1p:
sh ñ'agaýtoolyéil
we will lie
2p:
sh ñ'agaýyeelyéil
you all will lie
3p:
has sh ñ'akçwalyéil
they will lie
4:
sh ñ'agaýdulyéil
someone will lie
Future (-) (not going to do it)
1s:
tlél sh ñ'akñwalyeil
I won't lie
2s:
tlél sh ñ'akçeelyeil
you won't lie
3s:
tlél sh ñ'akçwalyeil
s/he won't lie
1p:
tlél sh ñ'agaýtoolyeil
we won't lie
2p:
tlél sh ñ'agaýyeelyeil
you all won't lie
3p:
tlél has sh ñ'akçwalyeil
they won't lie
4:
tlél sh ñ'agaýdulyeil
nobody will lie
Hortative (+) (let him/her do it)
1s:
sh ñ'añalyeil
let me lie
3s:
sh ñ'açalyeil
let him/her lie
1p:
sh ñ'aýtoolyeil
let us lie
Potential attributive (+) (can't do it)
3s:
tlél aadé sh ñ'uýdliyeli yé
no way can s/he lie
Potential decessive (+) (would have done it)
3s:
sh ñ'uçwalyeilín
s/he would have lied
Conditional (+) (if/when s/he does it)
3s:
sh ñ'alyélni
if/when s/he lies
Example(s):
Yaa sh ñ'analyél áwé, hél du ý'éit yaýwas.aa!
He's lying, I didn't kiss him!
Tlákw áwé yaa sh ñ'agalyélch du léelk'u een.
She's always lying to her grandmother.
Hél aadé ý'anñwaawóos'i yé, tlákw yaa sh ñ'agalyélch.
I can't ask him a question, he lies every time.
Sh ñ'uñwalyeilín, du éex' ñu.aa akuýdliýéitl'.
I would have lied but I'm afraid of him.
Sh ñ'uñwalyeilín, ñudáý ñútý du yáa awuýaanéi.
I would have lied but I have too much respect for her.